Some mothers' questions about children (Part two)
Summary of key signs of Urinary infections by age
Newborns | Up to 2 years old (Infants) | Older children |
High temperature | Vomiting | Frequent urination |
Low temperature | Repeated diarrhea | Burning or pain during urination |
Vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration | Strong urine smell | Back pain |
Weight loss | Toe walking during urination | Lower abdominal pain |
Delayed jaundice accompanied by spinal curvature | Temperature | Enuresis |
Signs of nervous irritation of urine | Convulsions | Wet during day and night |
Skin paleing | Lack of appetite | Episodes of interruption |
Anemia | Paleing | Blood in urine |
Lack of appetite | Growth delay | Paleing, weakness |
VESICO-URETERAL REFLUX (VUR)
It is called the backward flow of urine from the bladder towards the kidneys, named VUR. VUR does not have specific signs, however, some phenomena should always raise suspicions.
When should it be suspected?
In newborns and infants: failure to gain or weight loss, lack of appetite, temperatures seemingly without cause, prolonged vomiting or diarrhea, skin paleing, strong urine smell. In older children: frequent urination, burning or pain during urination, back pain, involuntary urination during sleep (for ages over 5 years), temperatures without cause.
Older children sometimes feel a strong immediate pain in the kidney area (reflux pain) or urinate intermittently (double urination); two signs with unique values for seeking further examinations. For young children, these two signs not that they do not exist, but cannot be noticed due to age reasons.
In most cases, VUR is discovered during the follow-up of a UTI or incidentally, during an ultrasound for other purposes. Today, thanks to Ultrasound during pregnancy, a good part is discovered prenatally.
How is it confirmed?
Ultrasound is one of the important examinations, for all ages. Another examination is the plain Cystography or during urination (micturitional). Through a catheter, the bladder is filled with physiological solution and a contrast substance, then filming is done. In children who control urination, the filming is done after filling, during urination, and at the end (to see if there is any urine left) this is called micturitional cystography.
Depending on the case, Urography, renal scintigraphy, urodynamic examinations (flowmetry, cystomanometry, etc.) may be performed aiming at the functional study of the urinary elimination pathways. In conclusion, not only the reflux can be discovered but also its grade from I-V can be determined.
Hello, I have a question: My child is 5 months old and has problems with breastfeeding. The doctors told me that the problem comes from the nose. When they sleep, they snore a lot...can this be a big problem. Thank you very much
Sent by shpend, më 28 March 2013 në 13:46
Hello, I am worried about my son, he is 20 months old and still hasn't started talking, but I want to emphasize that he is very irritable, could this affect his delayed speech? Also, I am concerned because since he was born his cheeks are red and even today they remain so, sometimes it looks like he has a fever. What do you think about these issues I mentioned? Could you please provide me with some explanation? I am really worried about him. Thank you
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I liked the article, but it didn't help me. I have a 10-year-old child with developmental delay and lack of appetite, fed through PEG. Physically, nothing seems wrong, there is no diagnosis. Please, if you have seen this condition, contact me. Thank you, goodbye
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Hello, I need your advice. I have a 3-year-old girl who has problems with her vagina; she has a lot of burning, itching, and a very bad smell. I don't know why. I have been to the doctor, but they prescribed antibiotics and it was not successful. I don't know what to do. Please advise me
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