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Obstetric fistula
Sent by
Dr. Ilda Ndreko
Obstetric fistula is an abnormal communication with the vagina, rectum, or urinary bladder, which develops after a difficult and prolonged childbirth that leads to urinary and fecal incontinence. Vesico-vaginal fistulas are a communication between the vagina and the urinary bladder. Recto-vaginal fistulas are a communication betwee...
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Genetic counseling and testing
Sent by
Dr. Riselda Tahiraj
Cancer can be present in a family due to common environmental exposure (diet, environment, lifestyle, and workplace exposures). The referred cases may occur as a result of the interaction of genes, gene-environment interaction, or both. Sporadic cancer has an average risk of occurring...
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Foot deformities in children
Sent by
Dr. Ledian Fezollari
Parents worry about flat feet, but ... flat feet are normal in infants, children, and adults. Special shoes, inserts, wedges, or exercises do not create an arch in a child with a flexible flat foot. One in five children never develops an arch. Most adults with flat fee...
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Menopause
Sent by
Dr. Elton Peci
Menopause is that period of a woman's life in which menstruation stops and never comes again. Menopause is part of the natural aging process in women. In this phase, the ovaries no longer produce oocytes (eggs) and the hormones estrogen and progesterone, and pregnancy becomes impossible for the woman...
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Blood infection
Sent by
Dr. Shk. Sotiraq Lako
"You have a blood infection", has become a daily occurrence for us. And it is very difficult to then explain to the patient that "circulating blood does not get infected". The river does not get infected, the pond does. If there are pathogens in the blood (viruses - viremia, bacteria - bacteremia, fungi - fungemia, etc.), it does not mean that the blood is infected...
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Bleeding in prepuberty
Sent by
Dr. Ilda Ndreko
Menarche (the first cycle) occurs when the breast has developed to Tanner stage III or IV. Normally, menarche occurs at the age of 11-14 years. A normal cycle lasts up to 7 days or less, with a volume up to 80ml or less, and a frequency of 21-45 days. The menstrual cycle occurs when there is a coordinated function of the axis...
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Embryo development
Sent by
Dr. Armona Vokrri
Embryo development begins a few hours after fertilization. Typically, the first division begins approximately 16 hours after fertilization. The fertilized egg divides into two daughter cells called blastomeres. On the 2nd day of life, the embryo normally consists of 2 or 4 blastomere cells. On the 3rd day of life, the embry...
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Urinary bladder stones
Sent by
Dr. Shk. Rezar Rusi
Urinary bladder stones are solid masses of mineral salts, located in the bladder. Stones form when urine, staying long in the bladder, concentrates making possible the crystallization of mineral salts. This stagnant and concentrated urine is often a result of the inability to completely empty the bladder...
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Hemostasis
Sent by
Dr. Shk. Sotiraq Lako
Hemostasis is a complex process, that is normally activated immediately after the damage of the blood vessel (vessels) wall and ensures the cessation of bleeding (hemorrhage) and then the restoration of circulation in this vessel (vessels) after the damage is repaired...
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Prevention of back pain
Sent by
Dr. Ledian Fezollari
It may be impossible to prevent lower back pain. We cannot avoid the wear and tear damage to the back related to aging. But there are things we can do to minimize the impact of lower back problems. Having a healthy lifestyle is a good start...
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